Country

Romania

ROU Eastern Europe

A Black Sea republic and NATO/EU member, home to the EU's second-largest oil refining capacity.

Last reviewed Sep 10, 2026

Indicators

GDP growth0.68% per year · 2025▼ 26.0% vs previous

Military expenditure2.3% of GDP · 2024▲ 43.3% vs previous

Net energy imports28.1% of use · 2023▼ 13.6% vs previousNet importer

Trade openness76.2% of GDP · 2025▼ 1.3% vs previous

Population19Mpeople · 2025▼ 0.17% vs previous

Displaced from here11Kpeople · 2025▼ 7.28% vs previous

Source: World Bank · retrieved 1 Sep 2026 · CC BY 4.0 · Source: World Bank / SIPRI · retrieved 1 Sep 2026 · CC BY 4.0 · Source: UNHCR · retrieved 1 Sep 2026 · CC BY 4.0 (UNHCR Refugee Population Statistics Database)

Electricity generation mix — Romania

Monthly generation by fuel, last five years

Coal
Gas
Nuclear
Hydro
Wind
Solar
Bioenergy

View as table

Period	Coal (TWh)	Gas (TWh)	Nuclear (TWh)	Hydro (TWh)	Wind (TWh)	Solar (TWh)	Bioenergy (TWh)
2021-10-01	0.96	0.9	1	0.94	0.57	0.1	0.05
2021-11-01	0.93	1.1	1.01	0.91	0.54	0.06	0.05
2021-12-01	0.9	1.22	1.04	1.19	0.87	0.03	0.05
2022-01-01	0.84	1.21	1.05	1.27	1.02	0.06	0.05
2022-02-01	0.8	1.11	0.94	0.97	0.67	0.09	0.05
2022-03-01	0.95	0.68	1.04	1.12	0.8	0.13	0.05
2022-04-01	0.84	0.48	1.01	1.31	0.75	0.15	0.05
2022-05-01	0.91	0.83	0.64	1.59	0.36	0.2	0.05
2022-06-01	0.96	0.83	0.53	1.37	0.38	0.19	0.04
2022-07-01	0.96	0.86	1	1.08	0.41	0.19	0.04
2022-08-01	0.87	0.86	0.9	0.92	0.45	0.16	0.04
2022-09-01	0.82	0.83	0.98	1	0.51	0.11	0.04
2022-10-01	0.77	0.86	1.01	1.13	0.39	0.13	0.05
2022-11-01	0.96	1.03	1	0.98	0.57	0.05	0.05
2022-12-01	0.88	1.03	1.03	1.29	0.6	0.04	0.05
2023-01-01	0.73	1.22	1.04	1.54	0.91	0.04	0.04
2023-02-01	0.68	1.11	0.93	1.35	0.82	0.09	0.04
2023-03-01	0.73	0.66	1.04	1.72	0.6	0.15	0.04
2023-04-01	0.75	0.43	1.01	2.06	0.7	0.16	0.03
2023-05-01	0.7	0.36	0.61	2.16	0.49	0.21	0.03
2023-06-01	0.6	0.27	0.73	2.3	0.34	0.23	0.02
2023-07-01	0.63	0.73	1	1.49	0.49	0.3	0.02
2023-08-01	0.71	0.77	0.97	1.18	0.44	0.29	0.02
2023-09-01	0.62	0.78	0.98	0.92	0.62	0.26	0.03
2023-10-01	0.62	0.92	1.02	0.93	0.63	0.2	0.03
2023-11-01	0.67	1.06	0.87	1.22	0.73	0.1	0.03
2023-12-01	0.73	1.28	1.02	1.48	0.69	0.08	0.04
2024-01-01	0.66	1.31	1.03	1.53	0.8	0.11	0.04
2024-02-01	0.57	1.1	0.96	1.44	0.75	0.18	0.04
2024-03-01	0.52	1.08	1.02	1.47	0.6	0.26	0.04
2024-04-01	0.45	0.33	0.98	1.46	0.49	0.4	0.04
2024-05-01	0.54	0.32	0.69	1.34	0.43	0.45	0.04
2024-06-01	0.65	0.7	0.5	1.38	0.35	0.54	0.03
2024-07-01	0.71	0.86	0.88	1.1	0.34	0.58	0.04
2024-08-01	0.59	0.85	0.94	0.84	0.34	0.53	0.04
2024-09-01	0.55	0.75	0.97	0.87	0.53	0.41	0.03
2024-10-01	0.59	0.83	0.94	1.07	0.43	0.36	0.04
2024-11-01	0.6	1.05	0.96	0.87	0.54	0.19	0.03
2024-12-01	0.54	1.1	0.94	0.89	0.74	0.07	0.03
2025-01-01	0.6	1.17	0.94	0.86	0.49	0.17	0.04
2025-02-01	0.71	0.98	0.84	0.82	0.51	0.24	0.04
2025-03-01	0.56	0.82	0.93	1.01	0.59	0.4	0.05
2025-04-01	0.43	0.3	0.9	1.14	0.51	0.51	0.03
2025-05-01	0.45	0.48	0.61	1.25	0.49	0.61	0.03
2025-06-01	0.52	0.55	0.48	1.14	0.39	0.83	0.03
2025-07-01	0.61	0.7	0.9	0.83	0.37	0.78	0.04
2025-08-01	0.5	0.72	0.9	0.86	0.35	0.72	0.03
2025-09-01	0.5	0.68	0.88	0.77	0.4	0.59	0.03
2025-10-01	0.54	1	0.92	0.93	0.6	0.4	0.04
2025-11-01	0.6	1.03	0.89	1.17	0.56	0.19	0.04
2025-12-01	0.55	1.13	0.91	1.37	0.62	0.09	0.05
2026-01-01	0.52	1.28	0.91	1.17	0.67	0.09	0.04
2026-02-01	0.43	1.03	0.82	1.31	0.64	0.15	0.04
2026-03-01	0.44	1.02	0.91	1.26	0.52	0.35	0.04
2026-04-01	0.35	0.33	0.88	1.32	0.47	0.37	0.03
2026-05-01	0.39	0.44	0.2	1.23	0.59	0.48	0.03
2026-06-01	0.42	0.49	0.45	1.09	0.24	0.58	0.03

Source: Ember · retrieved 31 Aug 2026 · CC BY 4.0

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