Decoding defence deals
SINCE September 2025, Pakistan has signed multilayered and multi-domain defence agreements with several Arab and Muslim states. It has signed a Strategic Mutual Defence Agreement (SMDA) with Saudi Arabia, the Makkah Joint Defence Agreement (MJDA) with Turkiye and Saudi Arabia, and a defence pact with Kuwait. Pakistan has recently signed another defence agreement — the Badr agreement. Pakistan, Turkiye, Qatar, and Indonesia are signatories to this pact. These defence deals have, in the pa
Source: Dawn